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Oxidation and Reduction (Redox)

Key Concepts

  • Oxidation: loss of electrons

  • Reduction: gain of electrons

  • Oxidant (oxidising agent): causes another species to be oxidised

  • Oxidant: gains electrons (oxidant is reduced)

  • Reductant (Reducing Agent): causes another species to be reduced

  • Reductant: loses electrons (reductant is oxidised)

  • Redox Reactions: one species (reductant) provides electrons for another species (oxidant).

Flash Tutorial

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Examples

Oxidation : Na -----> Na+ + e

  • Sodium atom loses an electron to produce a positively charged sodium ion (cation)

  • Sodium has been oxidised.

Reduction : F + e -----> F-

  • Fluorine atom gains an electron to form the negatively charged fluoride ion (anion)

  • Fluorine has been reduced.

REDOX (electron transfer) Reaction : Na + F -----> Na+ + F-

  • An electron has been transferred from the sodium atom to the flourine atom.

  • Sodium has lost an electron, it has been oxidised

  • Sodium is the reductant as it has caused the fluorine to be reduced to the fluoride ion.

  • Fluorine has gained an electron, it has been reduced.

  • Fluorine is the oxidant as it has caused the sodium to be oxidised to the sodium ion.

Uses of REDOX Reactions

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