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Functional Groups

Key Concepts

Functional Groups are the sites of chemical reactivity in an organic (carbon) compound:

alkenes- double bond
alkynes- triple bond
haloalkanes- halogen atom
alkanols- OH group
alkanoic acids- COOH group
alkanals- CO group
alkanones- CO group
amines- NH₂ group

Naming:

alkanoic acids & alkanals are numbered beginning with the carbon of the functional group
Alkanones & Amines are numbered to give the functional group the lowest number
side-chains are named as for branched-chain alkanes

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Related AUS-e-TUTE Topics

Summary of Nomenclature

Naming Straight Chain Alkanes

Naming Branched Chain Alkanes

Naming Simple Alkenes

Naming Simple Alkynes

Naming Structural Isomers of Alkanes

Naming Structural Isomers of Alkenes

Naming Alkanols

Naming Haloalkanes

Halogenation of Hydrocarbons

Hydrohalogenation of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Hydration of Alkenes to Alkanols

Oxidation of Alkanols

Preparation and Naming of Esters (Esterification)

Preparation and Naming of Polymers (Polymerization)

Properties and Uses of Ethene (ethylene)

Properties and Uses of Polythene (polyethylene)

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